A technical dictionary of printmaking, André Béguin.
Good to hear that someone else is etching steel. First, you need to be
using the right kind of steel. The steel you want to be using is mild steel
or cold-rolled steel. Galvanized doesn't work well for obvious reasons; it
doesn't corrode well. I have had success with Dutch Mordant and I have also
had good results with Nitric Acid. The Dutch Mordant for steel is mixed as
follows:
You'll need 20 ounces of water, 5 ounces of Hydrochloric Acid and 1 ounce
of Potassium Chlorate. Boul about 8 ounces of the water and pour it over
the potassium chlorate crystals. Stir in the remainder of the water, and
when cool, add the acid. Always pour acid into water, never water into
acid.
You probably know this but don't use different metals in the same acids.
Keep copper plates in a bath for copper only; keep a separate bath for
steel. Also, be very careful with the Dutch bath especially while mixing,
it gives off chlorine gas which is dangerous. I have used it for several
years with no ill effects.
The Dutch bath will bite cleanly but if you need a very deep etch, you may
want to try Nitric Acid. Nitric will bite in a more irregular way and
you'll need to feather air bubbles frequently.